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Various Grammars for Obligation in Japanese Language

We learned about grammar for obligation yesterday, but there are some other various ways in obligation using conditional ~nakereba narimasen and ~nai to ikenai/dame. Today, we will learn ~nakereba narimasen and ~nai to dame/ikenai^^, don't need small talk, let's begin:

Grammar ~nakereba narimasen (~なければなりません)

JLPT Level: N4
Meaning: Must
Must learn before: ~ba conditional form
Formula: ~ba conditional form + narimasen
Example:
世界中の人々は死ななければなりません
sekaijuu no hitobito wa shinanakereba narimasen
People around the world must die
頑張らなければなりません
ganbaranakereba narimasen
(I/we) must work hard

Grammar ~nai to dame/ikenai (~ないとだめ / いけない)

JLPT Level: N4
Meaning: Must/have to
Formula: negative verb + to (+ dame/ikenai)
Example:
早く家に帰られないといけない
hayaku uchi/ie ni kaerarenai to ikenai
(I/you) have to back home early
クラスに行かないとだめkurasu ni ikanai to dame(I/you) have to go to class

You may omit だめ or いけない after と, example:
もう行かないと
mou ikanai to
(I/you) must go, now
もう帰られないと
mou kaerarenai to
(I/you) must go back/return, now
宿題をやらないと
shukudai o yaranai to
(I/you) have to do homework 

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2 Responses to "Various Grammars for Obligation in Japanese Language"

  1. UnknownSeptember 29, 2016 at 3:12 PM

    Thanks for sharing Japanese Examples of nakereba narimasen and ~nai to dame,ikena .

    ReplyDelete
  2. UnknownNovember 28, 2016 at 9:03 PM

    These Japanese Examples are helpful to learn the use of must in Japanese.

    Thanks for sharing.

    ReplyDelete

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